The four valves of the heart allow blood to flow through the heart in the right direction. The valves open or close each time the heart beats. Problems with the heart valves can lead to palpitations, ...
There are three types of bicuspid aortic valves — types 0, 1, and 2. Experts classify these types based on whether the leaflets of the valve have fused to form a ridge. A bicuspid aortic valve is a ...
The interaction between valve cells and their microenvironment signals determine the functional output of cardiac valve tissues; cardiac valve diseases might be caused by a disruption of these ...