This lab includes a theoretical explanation of how buffers work and how they are made, including a derivation of the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation. Students will use what they have learned to ...

This lab includes the complete titration procedure used to investigate how well a buffer resists changes in pH. Prepare a buffer solution by accurately calculating and measuring the required amounts ...

The importance of precise buffer design in bioprocessing cannot be overstated. Buffers, aqueous solutions tasked with controlling pH in drug manufacturing processes, serve as the unsung heroes, ...

Strong base is added to three different buffers and water and the effect on pH is observed.

Process liquids and buffers are necessary tools for biotherapeutic manufacturing. In small-scale process development scales, these liquids are often overlooked as the focus is usually on the molecule, ...