Advanced Ceramics are being extensively used in the defense and aerospace industries. As the production of critical ceramic components require a high degree of engineering expertise and manufacturing ...

Irregularities on a surface determine how rough it is. Surface roughness can be evaluated by visual appearances and tactile sensation and can be measured using a numerical scale. A surface condition ...

The concept of measuring surface roughness originated nearly a century ago as a means to prevent uncertainty and disputes between manufacturers and buyers. Now, it has become a common identifier used ...

Numerous oil and grease-lubricated bearing designs rely on adequate lubricant film thickness for smooth and trouble-free operation. Engineers must check that films are sufficiently thick so asperities ...

Advanced machining can solve many of the challenges of today’s increasingly difficult-to-produce parts such as miniaturization, part complexity, strict tolerances, thin walls, material hardness and ...