Hypertrophic chondrocytes are deeply involved in the growth of mammalian bones. Researchers find that these cells transform into multiple functional cell types, including those responsible for ...

Normal, regulated growth of skeletal bones is a crucial part of the growth of mammals. This is a complex process involving the growth of cartilaginous ...

Osteoblasts derived from MSCs are cells required for bone formation. Oxidative phosphorylation produces a lot of ATP and other products including NAD+ and ROS. These factors play important roles in ...