Use sedating medications, such as hypnotics or sedatives. Patients in these categories may require another form of pain management or careful monitoring for respiratory effects. All PCA pumps should ...

Patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) is a pain-management technique that allows patients to self-administer predetermined doses of pain medication using a programmable pump. 1 This approach offers ...

With today's current focus on patient safety and medication administration, the ISMP and JCAHO have identified several consistently problematic areas for PCA use: PCA has been used successfully with ...