Purpose: A rare adverse effect observed after dose escalation of topiramate therapy is discussed. A review of published cases, monitoring recommendations, and important counseling information for ...

Background A 51-year-old man with HIV infection on highly active antiretroviral therapy presented with abdominal pain and exertional dyspnea. Physical examination revealed increased respiration and ...

Background. A 52-year-old man with a history of alcohol dependency was admitted to the emergency room with life-threatening anion gap metabolic acidosis. He admitted to drinking large quantities of ...

Sodium is the primary cation. Chloride and bicarbonate are the primary anions. The anion gap is the numeric result of subtracting the sums of the chloride and bicarbonate concentrations from that of ...

Background: In vitro data suggest that lower extracellular pH activates the immune system. We conducted a population-based study of the relation between serum acid–base status and inflammation.

Acid-base disorders are frequent in emergency and critical care, but many patients present with more than one imbalance at once. Clinicians rely on structured methods like anion gap correction and ...

Lactic acidosis occurs when the body produces too much lactic acid and cannot metabolize it quickly enough. The condition can be a medical emergency. The onset of lactic acidosis might be rapid and ...

A 37-year-old black man was admitted to the hospital from a nursing home for mental status changes secondary to a suspected seizure. His medical history included AIDS, progressive multifocal ...